Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD) is a common viral infection primarily affecting children but also capable of occurring in adults. It is caused by viruses from the Enterovirus family, most commonly Coxsackievirus A16 and Enterovirus 71.
Painful mouth ulcers (similar to canker sores).
Red rash or fluid-filled blisters on the palms, soles, and sometimes buttocks.
Mild fever, sore throat, fatigue, and reduced appetite.
HFMD spreads through:
Direct contact with saliva, nasal discharge, or blister fluid from an infected person.
Touching contaminated surfaces (toys, doorknobs).
Respiratory droplets from coughs or sneezes.
Poor hand hygiene (e.g., unwashed hands touching the mouth).
No specific antiviral treatment exists; care is supportive:
Ensure hydration with cool fluids (avoid acidic drinks due to mouth sores).
Over-the-counter pain relief (e.g., acetaminophen) for fever and discomfort.
Topical oral gels to numb mouth ulcers (as recommended by a doctor).
Rest and isolation to prevent spreading the virus.
High fever (>102°F/39°C) lasting more than 3 days.
Signs of dehydration (dry mouth, reduced urination).
Severe headache, neck stiffness, or altered consciousness (rare complications like viral meningitis).
Practice frequent handwashing with soap and water.
Disinfect surfaces and avoid sharing utensils or personal items.
Keep infected children home until blisters scab over (typically 7–10 days).